Valsartan & Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets USP 160/12.5mg

Product Description

Valsartan & Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets USP 160/12.5 mg is a combination medication commonly prescribed for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It combines an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) (Valsartan) with a thiazide diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide), which work together to control blood pressure and reduce fluid buildup.

Key Components:

1. Valsartan (160 mg):

   • Class: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)
   • Mechanism of Action: Valsartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict. By blocking this hormone, Valsartan helps relax and widen blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure and improves blood flow.
   • Uses: Valsartan is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It is also used to reduce the risk of stroke and heart attacks in certain individuals and to treat kidney problems associated with diabetes.

2. Hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg):

   • Class: Thiazide diuretic
   • Mechanism of Action: Hydrochlorothiazide works by increasing the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water through the kidneys, which helps reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure. It also helps reduce the risk of complications related to high blood pressure, such as stroke, heart failure, and kidney damage.
   • Uses: Hydrochlorothiazide is used primarily to treat high blood pressure and to reduce swelling (edema) caused by heart failure, kidney disease, or liver disease.

Common Uses:

• Hypertension: The combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide is effective for controlling high blood pressure. By combining the ARB (Valsartan) with the diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide), the medication works both to relax blood vessels and reduce fluid buildup, lowering overall blood pressure.
• Heart Failure: This medication is also used to manage heart failure, where the heart™s ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, causing fluid buildup in the body. The diuretic component helps remove excess fluid, and the ARB helps improve heart function by lowering blood pressure.
• Kidney Protection in Diabetes: Valsartan can help protect the kidneys in individuals with diabetic nephropathy (kidney disease due to diabetes).

Dosage and Administration:

• Typical Dose: The usual starting dose is 160 mg Valsartan / 12.5 mg Hydrochlorothiazide once daily. Depending on how well the blood pressure is controlled and the patient™s response, the dose may be adjusted by the doctor.
• Administration: The tablet should be taken once daily, ideally at the same time each day. It can be taken with or without food.
• Dosage Adjustments: Your doctor may adjust the dosage based on your blood pressure levels, kidney function, or other health factors.

Possible Side Effects:

Common side effects of Valsartan & Hydrochlorothiazide may include:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness (especially when standing up quickly)
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Increased urination (due to the diuretic effect)
• Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) or low sodium levels (hyponatremia)
• Cough or sore throat (due to Valsartan)
• Stomach upset or diarrhea

Serious side effects (though rare) may include:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, difficulty breathing)
• Severe dizziness, fainting, or feeling of weakness
• Chest pain, palpitations, or rapid heartbeat
• Kidney problems, such as changes in urine output, swelling in the legs, or weight gain
• Electrolyte imbalances (such as low potassium or sodium levels, which can be serious)

Precautions:

1. Kidney Function: Both Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide can affect kidney function, so patients with pre-existing kidney problems should use this medication with caution. Your doctor may monitor kidney function during treatment.
2. Electrolyte Imbalances: The diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) can lead to low levels of potassium (hypokalemia) or sodium (hyponatremia). Regular blood tests are important to monitor electrolyte levels.
3. Pregnancy: This medication should not be used during pregnancy, especially during the second and third trimesters, as it may harm the developing baby. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
4. Blood Pressure: Monitor your blood pressure regularly. If you feel lightheaded or faint, or if your blood pressure becomes too low, seek medical advice.
5. Liver Disease: Caution is required in patients with liver disease, as this combination can further impact liver function.
6. Other Medications: Be sure to inform your doctor of all other medications you are taking, especially diuretics, potassium supplements, NSAIDs, or lithium, as they can interact with this medication.

Lifestyle Considerations:

• Dietary Adjustments: Eating a diet rich in potassium (such as fruits and vegetables) may help counteract some of the potassium loss caused by the diuretic. However, avoid taking potassium supplements without consulting your doctor.
• Regular Monitoring: Regular blood pressure checks and lab tests for kidney function and electrolyte levels are essential while taking this medication.
• Avoid Alcohol: Alcohol can further lower blood pressure and increase the risk of dizziness or fainting.
• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids, but avoid overhydration, which may strain the kidneys.

Important Notes:

• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
• Medical Emergencies: If you experience any signs of severe side effects, such as swelling in the legs, difficulty breathing, confusion, or severe dizziness, seek immediate medical attention.